INK, COLOR & IMAGES OPTIONS IN GRAPHICS & PRINTING

Inks in Printing:
•Pantone Matching System
• Metallic
• Toyo
• Soy
• Watercolor
• Hexachrome Optimal
• Foil
• Varnish
• Dayglow - add reflection by absorbing more black

Digital printing: toner - graphite/plastic resins, ink jet, dye sublimations, wax, plotter inks

Color Components in Printing
• Spot color = flat color
• Tints/grayscale/tonal range - measured by % - 100% being solid color
• Knockouts - top color knocks out color underneath
• Traps - when 2 colors touch, one must overlapp slightly to avoid misregistration
• Overprint - 2 colors over lay each other creating a 3rd color
• 4 color process - "full color" / 4-color conversion (from spot to CYMK)
• Duotones/Tritones - 2 or more plates to one halftone to enrich
• Hexachrome colors - 6 pantone optimal color components - CYMKOG
• Stochastic/Hi-Fi - 7 color separation printing -CYMKOGV

Important Considerations when Printing Color on Various Printers
• Lpi/Dpi -resolution needed -consider device output when creating scans (dpi = 2xlpi)
• Total Value Range -usually 15% to 85% gray
• Total Area Coverage -85% for one color to 340% for 4-colors (avoid full solid colors)

Image Options and Color
What to do and how to modify picture:
• Modes: RGB, CYMK, Grayscale, Duos, Index
Adjust color:
• levels (brightness and contrast in dark, medium and light areas)
• contrast
• balance
•variations

Enlarge/Reduce - Image and Canvas - watch your resolution
Crop - Rectangle, eclipse,
clipping path - through masking or lasso -
isolate from background - make work path>click on path and name>make clipping
path>click on name>save
create special effects with layers - shadows, etc.
Flop - horizontal - watch for names and reverse problems on images
Duplicate
Layer and transparencies - collage
Filters
Change color to gray
Invert / Threshold/ Posterization
Change gray to duotone or tritone or quatone - in cymk or Pantone colors
ALWAYS SHARPEN LAST